Các hóa chất gây ung thư.

Arsenic



β-Naphthylamine



Asbestos



Nickel, insoluble



Benzene



Nickel subsulfide



Benzidine



Uranium (tự nhiên)



Beryllium



Vinyl chloride



Bis(chloromethyl)ether



Bột gỗ



Quặng Chromite



Zinc chromates



Các chất có kha năng gây ung thư ở người (A2)

Acrylonitirile



Diazomethane



Antimony trioxide



1,4-Dichloro-2-butene



Benz[a]anthracene



Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride



Benzo[b]fluoranthene



Ethylene oxide



Benzo[a]pyrene



Formaldehyde



Benzotrichloride



Lead chromate



1,3-Butadiene



4,4′-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)



Cadmium



4-Nitrodiphenyl



Calcium chromate



Oil mist, mineral



Carbon tetrachloride



Strontium chromite



Chloromethyl methyl ether



Sulfuric acid



Coal dust



Vinyl bromide



Diesel exhaust



Vinyl fluoride



Table 2: Các hóa chất có nguy cơ gây ung thư trong cơng nghiệp được liệt

kê bởi NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety). (1999)

Acetaldehyde



Formaldehyde



2-Acetylaminofluorene



Gallium arsenide



Acrylamide



Gasoline



Acrylonitrile



Heptachlor



Aldrin



Heptachlor



4-Aminodiphenyl



Hexachloroethane



Amitrole



Hexamethyl phosphoramide



Aniline



Hexamethyl phosphoramide



o-Anisidine Kepone



Hexamethyl phosphoramide



Arsenic



Malonaldehyde



Arsine



Malonaldehyde



Asbestos



Methyl bromide



Benzene



Methyl chloride



Benzidine



4,4′-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)



Benzidine dyes



Methylene chloride



Benzo[a]pyrene



4,4′-Methylenedianiline



Beryllium



Methyl hydrazine



1,3-Butadiene



Methyl iodide



tert-Butylchromate



α-Naphthylamine



Cadmium (dust and fume)



β-Naphthylamine



Calcium arsenate



Nickel carbonyl



Captafol



Nickel (insoluble, and soluble

compounds)



Captan



Nickel subsulfides (and roasting

operations)



Carbon black



4-Nitrobiphenyl



Carbon tetrachloride



p-Nitrochlorobenzene



Chlordane



2-Nitronaphthalene



Chlorinated camphene



2-Nitropropane



Chloroform



N-Nitrosodimethylamine



Bis(chloromethyl) ether



Phenylglycidyl ether



Chloromethyl methyl ether



Phenylhydrazine



β-Chloroprene



N-Phenyl-β-naphthylamine



Chromic acid



Polychlorinated biphenyl



Chromates



Propane sultone



Chromyl chloride



β-Propiolactone



Coal tar pitch volatiles



Propylene dichloride



Coke oven emissions



Propylene imine



DDT



Propylene oxide



2,4-Diaminoanisole



Rosin core solder pyrolysis products



o-Dianisidine



Silica, crystalline



o-Dianisidine-based dyes



Silica, Christobolite



1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane



Silica, quartz



Dichloroacetylene



Silica, Tridymite



p-Dichlorobenzene



Silica, Tripoli



3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine



Talc, asbestiform



Dichloroethyl ether



2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin



1,3-Dichloropropane



1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane



Dieldrin



Tetrachloroethylene



Diesel exhaust



Titanium dioxide



Diglycidyl ether



Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate



4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene



Toluenediamine



Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride



o-Toluidine



1,1-Dimethylhydrazine



p-Toluidine



Dimethyl sulfate



1,1,2-Trichloroethane



Dinitrotoluenes



Trichloroethylene



Di-sec-octyl phthalate



1,2,3-Trichloropropane



Dioxane



Uranium



Environmental tobacco smoke



Vinyl bromide



Epichlorohydrin



Vinyl chloride



Ethyl acrylate



Vinyl cyclohexene dioxide



Ethylene dibromide



Vinylidene chloride



Ethylene dichloride



Welding fumes



Ethyleneimine



Wood dust



Ethylene oxide



Zince chromates



Ethylene thiourea



Bang 8: Các hóa chất được liệt kê trong báo cáo Các chất gây ung thư (8 th

ed) của Công đồng Độc chất học quốc gia Hoa Kỳ (National toxicology)

Các chất gây ung thư

Aminobiphenyl (4-aminodiphenyl)



Erionite



Analgesic mixtures containing

phenacetin



Lead chromate



Arsenic compounds, inorganic



Melphalan



Asbestos



Methoxsalen [with ultraviolet A (UVA)

therapy]



Azathioprine



Mineral oils



Benzene



Mustard gas



Benzidine

Bis(chloromethyl) ether

1,4-Butanediol dimethylsulfonate

(Myleran)



2-Naphthylamine (β-naphthylamine)

Piperazine Estrone Sulfate

Radon



Chlorambucil



Sodium equilin sulfate



1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4methylcyclohexyl)-1nitrosourea



Sodium estrone sulfate



Chloromethyl methyl ether



Strontium chromate



Chromium hexavalent



Tars



Coal tar



Thiotepa [tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine

sulfide]



Coke oven emissions

Creosote (coal)



Soots



Thorium dioxide



Creosote (wood)



Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine sulfide

(thiotepa)



Cyclophosphamide



Vinyl chloride



Cyclosporin A (cyclosporine A;

ciclosporin)



Zinc chromate



Diethylstilbestrol



Các hóa chất có thể tham gia gây ung thư ở người

Acetaldehyde



Beryllium zinc silicate



2-Acetylaminofluorene



Beryl ore



Acrylamide



Bis(chloroethyl) nitrosourea (BCNU)



Acrylonitrile



Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone



Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride)



Bromodichloromethane



2-Aminoanthraquinone



1,3-Butadiene



o-Aminoazotoluene



Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)



1-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone



Cadmium



Amitrole



Cadmium chloride



o-Anisidine hydrochloride



Cadmium oxide



Azacitidine (5-azacytidine)



Cadmium sulfate



Benz[a]anthracene



Cadmium sulfide



Benzo[b]fluoranthene



Carbon tetrachloride



Benzo[j]fluoranthene



Ceramic fibers



Benzo[k]fluoranthene



Chlorendic acid



Benzo[a]pyrene



Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine)



Benzotrichloride



1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1nitrosourea



Beryllium aluminum alloy



Chloroform



Beryllium chloride



3-Chloro-2-methylpropene



Beryllium fluoride



4-Chloro-o-phenylenediamine



Beryllium hydroxide



p-Chloro-o-toluidine



Beryllium oxide



p-Chloro-o-toluidine hydrochloride



Beryllium phosphate



Chlorozotocin



Beryllium sulfate tetrahydrate

CIa Basic Red 9 monohydrochloride

Cisplatin

p-Cresidine

Cristobalite [under “Silica, crystalline

(respirable size)” ]

Cupferron

Dacarbazine

2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate

2,4-Diaminotoluene

Dibenz[a,h]acridine

Dibenz[a,j]acridine

Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole

Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene

Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene

Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene

Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane

1,2-Dibromoethane [ethylene dibromide

(EDB)]

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (pdichlorobenzene)

3,3-Dichlorobenzidine

3,3-Dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)

1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride)

1,3-Dichloropropene (technical-grade)

Diepoxybutane

N,N-Diethyldithiocarbamic acid 2chloroallyl

esterDEHP; bis(2-ethylhexyl phthalate)]

Diethylnitrosamine

Diethyl sulfate

Diglycidyl resorcinol ether

1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone [Danthron]

3,3-Dimethoxybenzidine

4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

3,3-Dimethylbenzidine

Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

Dimethylnitrosamine

Dimethyl sulfate

Dimethylvinyl chloride

1,6-Dinitropyrene



Ethyl acrylate

Ethylene oxide

Ethylene thiourea

Ethyl methanesulfonate

Formaldehyde (gas)

Furan

Glasswool

Glycidol hexachlorobenzene

α-Hexachlorocyclohexane

β-Hexachlorocyclohexane

γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane

Hexachlorocyclohexane

Hexachloroethane

Hexamethylphosphoramide

Hydrazine

Hydrazine sulfate

Hydrazobenzene

Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene

Iron dextran complex

Kepone (chlordecone)

Lead acetate

Lead phosphate

Lindane

Mestranol

2-Methylaziridine (propylenimine)

5-Methylchrysene

4,4-Methylenebis(2-chloraniline)

4,4-Methylenebis(N,Ndimethylbenzenamine)

Methylene chloride

4,4-Methylenedianiline

4,4-Methylenedianiline dihydrochloride

Methylmethanesulfonate

N-Methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

Metronidazole

Mirex

Nickel

Nickel acetate

Nickel carbonate

Nickel carbonyl

Nickel hydroxide

Nickel hydroxide

Nickelocene

Nickel oxide

Nickel subsulfide



1,8-Dinitropyrene

1,4-Dioxane

Direct Black 38

Direct Blue 6

Disperse Blue 1

Epichlorohydrin

Estradiol-17b

Estrone

Ethinylestradiol

1-Nitropyrene

4-Nitropyrene

N-Nitroso-n-butyl-N-(3carboxypropyl)amine

N-Nitroso-n-butyl-N-(4hydroxybutyl)amine

N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine

N-Nitrosodiethanolamine

N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine

N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea (N-ethyl-Nnitrosourea (ENU)

4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3pyridyl)1-butanone

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea

N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine

N-Nitrosomorpholine

N-Nitrosonornicotine

N-Nitrosopiperidine

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine

N-Nitrososarcosine

Norethisterone

Ochratoxin A

4,4-Oxydianiline

Oxymetholone

Phenacetin

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride

Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride

Phenytoin

Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

(PAHs)

Procarbazine hydrochloride

Progesterone



Nitrilotriacetic acid

o-Nitroanisole

6-Nitrochrysene

Nitrofen

Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride

2-Nitropropane

1,3-Propane sultone

β-propiolactone

Propylene oxide

Propylthiouracil

Quartz [under “ silica, crystalline

(respirable size)” ]

Reserpine

Saccharin

Safrole

Selenium sulfide

Silica, crystalline (respirable size)

Streptozotocin

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

(TCDD)

Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)

Tetranitromethane

Thioacetamide

Thiourea

Toluene diisocyanate

o-Toluidine

o-Toluidine hydrochloride

Toxaphene

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

Tridymite

Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate

Urethane (Urethan; ethyl carbamate)

4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide



Bang 9: Các tác nhân gây ung thư được thống kê bởi IARC ( International

Agency for Research on Cancer)

Nhóm 1: Gây ung thư ở người

Exposure circumstances

Aluminum production

Auramine, manufacture of

Boot and shoe manufacture and repair

Coal gasification

Coke production

Furniture/cabinetmaking

Hematite mining with exposure to

radon

Iron and steel founding

Isopropanol manufacture (strong-acid

process)

Magenta, manufacture of

Painter

Rubber industry

Strong-inorganic-acid mists containing

sulfuric acid

Agents and groups of agents

Aflatoxins, naturally occurring

4-Aminobiphenyl

Arsenic and arsenic compounds

Asbestos

Azathioprine

Benzene

Benzidine

Beryllium and beryllium compounds

N,N-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-2naphthylamine

(Chlomaphazine)

Bis(chloromethyl) ether and

chloromethyl

methyl ether

1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulfonate

(Busulphan;

Myleran)

Cadmium and cadmium compounds

Chlorambucil

1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-



Helicobacter pylori (infection with)

Hepatitis B virus (chronic infection with)

Hepatitis C virus (chronic infection with)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1

(infection with)

Human papillomavirus type 16

Human papillomavirus type 18

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I

Melphalan

8-Methoxypsoralen (methoxsalen)

MOPP and other combined

chemotherapy, including

alkylating agents

Mustard gas (sulfur mustard)

2-Naphthylamine

Nickel compounds

Opisthorchis viverrini (infection with)

Oral contraceptives, combined

Oral contraceptives, sequential

Radon and its decay products

Schistosoma haematobium (infection

with)

Silica, crystalline

Solar radiation

Talc containing asbestiform fibers

Tamoxifen

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin

Thiotepa

Treosulfan

Vinyl chloride

Mixtures

Alcoholic beverages

Analgesic mixtures containing

phenacetin

Betel quid with tobacco



methylcyclohexyl)-1nitrosourea (methyl-CCNU; Semustine) Coal tar pitches

Chromium VI compounds

Coal tars

Mineral oils, untreated and mildly

Ciclosporin

treated

Cyclophosphamide

Salted fish (Chinese style)

Diethylstilboestrol (DES)

Shale oils

Epstein–Barr virus

Soots

Erionite

Tobacco products, smokeless

Ethylene oxide

Tobacco smoke

Estrogen therapy, postmenopausal

Wood dust

Estrogens, nonsteroidal

Estrogens, steriodal

Nhóm 2: Có kha năng cao gây ung thư ở người

Acrylamide

4,4′-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline)

Adriamycin

Methyl methanesulfonate

N-Methyl-N′-nitro-NAndrogenic (anabolic) steroids

nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)

N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (nitrogen

Azacitidine

mustard)

Benz[a]anthracene

N-Nitrosodiethylamine

Benzidine-based dyes

N-Nitrosodimethylamine

Benzo[a]pyrene

Phenacetin

Bischloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU)

Procarbazine hydrochloride

1,3-Butadiene

Styrene-7,8-oxide

Captafol

Tetrachloroethylene

Chloramphenicol

Trichloroethylene

Chlorinated toluenes (benzyl chloride),

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

benzotrichloride,

Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate

benzyl chloride and benzoyl chloride

Ultraviolet radiation A

1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1Ultraviolet radiation B

nitrosourea

Ultraviolet radiation C

(CCNU)

Vinyl bromide

para-Chloro-ortho-toluidine and its

Vinyl fluoride

strong-acid salts

Mixtures

Chlorozotocin

Creosotes

Cisplatin

Diesel engine exhaust

Clonorchis sinensis (infection with)

Hot mate

Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

Polychlorinated biphenyls

Diethyl sulfate

Exposure circumstances

Dimethylcarbarnoyl chloride

Art glass, glass containers and

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

pressed ware

Dimethyl sulfate

(manufacture of)

Epichlorohydrin

Hairdresser or barber (occupational

Ethylene dibromide

exposure as a)



Nonarsenical insecticides

(occupational exposures

in spraying and application of)

Petroleum refining (occupational

exposure in)



IQ (2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5f]quinoline)

Sunlamps and sunbeds (use of)

|Nhóm 2B: Có thể gây ung thư kha thi ở người

3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine

3,3′-Dichloro-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl

ether

1,2-Dichloroethane

A-a-C(2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indol)

Dichloromethane (methylene

Acetaldehyde

chloride)

Acetamide

1,3-Dichloropropene

Acrylonitrile

Dichlorvos

A-F-2[2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

furyl)acrylamide]

1,2-Diethylhydrazine

Aflatoxin M1

Diglycidyl resorcinol ether

para-Aminoazobenzene

Dihydrosafrole

ortho-Aminoazotoluene

Diisopropyl sulfate

2-Amino-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,43,3′-Dimethoxybenzidine (orthothiadiazole

dianisidine)

Amitrole

para-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

ortho-Anisidine

trans-2Antimony trioxide

[(Dimethylarnino)methylimino]-5-[2Aramite

(5Auramine

nitro-2-furyl)-vinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole

Azaserine

2,6-Dimethylaniline (2,6-Xylidine)

Aziridine

3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine (orthoBenzo[b]fluoranthene

tolidine)

Benzo[j]fluoranthene

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

Benzo[k]fluoranthene

3,7-Dinitrofluoranthene

Benzofuran

3,9-Dinitrofluoranthene

Benzyl violet 4B

1,6-Dinitropyrene

Bleomycins

1,8-Dinitropyrene

Bracken fern

2,4-Dinitrotoluene

Bromodichloromethane

2,6-Dinitrotoluene

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

1,4-Dioxane

β-Betyrolactone

Disperse Blue 1

Caffeic acid

1,2-Epoxybutane

Estrogen–progestogen therapy,

Carbon black

postmenopausal

Carbon tetrachloride

Ethyl acrylate

Catechol

Ethylene thiourea