2 Các họ vi xử lý

Tốc độ của họ vi xử lý x86 của Intel

The Continuing Evolution of Intel Microprocessors

CIS105

December 2002

1600

1,400

1400



Speed (MHZ)



1200

1000

800

550



600

400

400



400



1998



1999



333

200



200



200



233



1993



1995



1997



100

0.74



2



8



12



33



1971



1974



1979



1982



1985



0

1989



Year



1998



1999



2000



Họ vi xử lý x86 của Intel

Model

4004

8008

8080

8086

80286



Năm sản xuất

1971

1972

1974

1978

1982



Số lượng Transistor

2,300

2,500

5,000

29,000

120,000



80386™ processor



1985



275,000



80486™ DX processor

Pentium® processor

Pentium II processor

Pentium III processor

Pentium 4 processor



1989

1993

1997

1999

2000



1,180,000

3,100,000

7,500,000

24,000,000

55,000,000



Họ vi xử lý x86 của Intel 70’s

4004

Introduced

Clock Speeds

Bus Width

Number of

Transistors

Addressable Memory

Virtual Memory

Brief Description



8008



8080



8086



11/15/71

108KHz

4 bits

2,300

(10 microns)

640 bytes

-First microcomputer

chip, Arithmetic

manipulation



4/1/72

200KHz

8 bits

3,500

(10 microns)

16 KBytes

-Data/character

manipulation



4/1/74

2MHz

8 bits

6,000

(6 microns)

64 KBytes

-10X the performance

of the 8008



6/8/78

5MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz

16 bits

29,000

(3 microns)

1 MB

-10X the performance

of the 8080



Họ vi xử lý x86 của Intel 80’s



80286

Introduced

Clock Speeds

Bus Width

Number of

Transistors

Addressable Memory

Virtual Memory

Brief Description



Intel386TM DX

Microprocessor



Intel386TM SX

Microprocessor



2/1/82

6MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz,

12.5MHz

16 bits

134,000

(1.5 microns)



10/17/85

16MHz, 20MHz,

25MHz, 33MHz

32 bits

275,000

(1 micron)



6/16/88

16MHz, 20MHz,

25MHz, 33MHz

16 bits

275,000

(1 micron)



16 megabytes

1 gigabyte

3-6X the performance

of the 8086



4 gigabytes

64 terabytes

First X86 chip to

handle 32-bit data sets



16 megabytes

64 terabytes

16-bit address bus

enabled low-cost 32-bit

processing



Intel486TM

DX CPU

Microprocessor

4/10/89

25MHz, 33MHz,

50MHz

32 bits

1.2 million

(1 micron)

(.8 micron with 50MHz)

4 gigabytes

64 terabytes

Level 1 cache on chip



Họ vi xử lý x86 của Intel 90’s

Intel486TM SX

Microprocessor

Introduced

Clock Speeds

Bus Width

Number of

Transistors

Addressable Memory

Virtual Memory

Brief Description



Pentium®

Processor



Pentium® Pro

Processor



Pentium® II

Processor



4/22/91

16MHz, 20MHz,

25MHz, 33MHz

32 bits

1.185 million

(1 micron)

4 gigabytes

64 terabytes

Identical in design to

Intel486TM DX but

without math

coprocessor



3/22/93

60MHz,66MHz



11/01/95

150MHz, 166MHz,

180MHz, 200MHz

64 bits

5.5 million

(0.35 micron)

64 gigabytes

64 terabytes

Dynamic execution

architecture drives

high-performing

processor



5/07/97

200MHz, 233MHz,

266MHz, 300MHz

64 bits

7.5 million

(0.35 micron)

64 gigabytes

64 terabytes

Dual independent bus,

dynamic execution,

Intel MMXTM

technology



64 bits

3.1 million

(.8 micron)

4 gigabytes

64 terabytes

Superscalar

architecture brought

5X the performance of

the 33-MHz Intel486TM

DX processor



2.3 Hệ thống vi xử lý



Luật Moore



Dr. Gordon E. Moore, Chairman Emeritus of Intel Corporation, dự đoán rằng

Cứ một năm rưỡi thì số lượng transistor được tích hợp trên chip vi xử lý tăng gấp đôi